Pneumatic drill.



No. 000,224. PAJJPLNTLD SEPT'. 26, 1005.

- 0. s. LEONARD.,

PNLUMATIC DRILL. APPLICATION FILED F'EB. 23, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1` i I1 111 l 1l l '1| PM ENTED SBF120, 1905.

G. S. LEONARD. PNBUMATIG DRILL. APPLIouIoN FILED rEB.z0.1005.

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No. 8.00224.' 'PATBNTED SM1-26, 1905,

l c. s.- LEONARD. v

PNBUMATIC DRILL.

APPLIUATIUN FILED xn.2s.1aoa.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- No.8oo,zz4. PATENTED sEPT.26,1905. c. s. LEONARD.

. PNEUMATIG DRILL. APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 23,:1906.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

a m u r IN1/EN T01? ATTORNEY To all whom t may concern.-

lcitizen of the United States, residing at Philaspeciiication, and in which- PATENT OFFICE.

CHESTER S. LEONARD, OF PHILADELPHIA,

or ONE-HALE To ELLswoETH L. SYLVANIA.

PNEUMATI Be it known that I, CHESTER S. LEONARD, a

delphia,in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Portable Multicylinder Pneumatic, Drill,of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to that class of driving motors or mechanisms in which air or steam under pressure is used to produce reciprocating rectilinear motion of parts within cylinders, the said reciprocations being transformed into rotary motion and this motion used.for operating tools in their work performance. Its objects are, -first, those sought in ordinary mechanisms of the same classsymmetrical construction, compactness, simplicity, lightness, and freedom from vibration, friction, and noise; second, to provide a mechanism of unusual strength and' stability, yet comprised of a minimum'nu mber of parts and each part so designed as to be readily amenable to rapid and economical means` of production and construction; third, to provide a mechanism that can be easily handled and operated by inexperienced persons without danger, which is not liable to get out of order except by untoward accident, and which is readily portable; fourth, to provide in such mechanisms means for using the driving force expansively and to the best advantage without the use of stuiiing-boxes, fly-wheels, o r crankshafts commonly employed; fifth, to provide means of reversing the direction of rotation of work-spindle at will; sixth, to provide for such mechanisms a positive feed operated without manual labor and which is under the complete and ready control ofthe operator. With these objects in view this mechanism is hereinafter fully described, and shown in the accompanying drawings,forming part of this Figure 1 is a general view in side elevation. Fig. 2 is avertical section on the center line of Fig. 1. Fig. 3isasection of the removable upper guiding-handle.v Fig. 4 is a partial plan view of the same. Fig. v5 is a section on line a .a of Fig. 2, showing the spindle-driving gears. Fig. 6 is a cross-section on line b of Fig. 7 with the feed-piston removed. Fig. 7 is a vertical section on line c c of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a fragmentalsection on line d dof Fig. 6. Fig. 9 shows an alternative method of uniting the upper and lower portions of the case.A

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led February 23,1905. Serial No. 246,928.

PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR WARD, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENN- Patented sept. 26, 1905. v

Fig. 10 is a section taken on line e e of Fig. 2. 55 Fig. 11 is a cross-section on line f f ofFig. 2. Fig. 12 is a vertical section on line g g of Fig. 10. Fig. 1 3 is a vertical section on line L /z of Fig. 10. Fig. 14`is a view of the piston-valve yoke looking from the center of the mechanism.

Similar characters refer to similar parts throughout the several' views. .Y The lower main frame (represented by the Y numeral 1) has secured-to it by screw-threaded connections or bolted lianges the upper frame 2, having in turn secured by bolts the cover 3, the upperside of which has an upturned annular ring 3, screw-threaded to receive the feed-cylinder 4 or, in substitution thereof, the guiding-handle 5, which is inter- 7o changeable with the feed-cylinder 4. Other means of manipulating the motor are provided for by thehandles 6 and 6a, which are attached on opposite sides of the frame 2. On one side of the main frame, between and in the same plane as the handles 6 and 6a, is an inlet-valve 7 for controlling the'admission of air or steam from its source of supply through aflexible Y hose 8. The said inlet-valve 7 is so arranged that the current of air or steam maybe di- 8o rected to the ordinary inlet-ports or to the exhaust-ports at will, which arrangement is made use of in reversing the direction of rotation of the motor. lThe said current after passing through valve 7 is admitted to the 85 annular passage-way 9, cored in the upper part of the frame 2. From thence it is taken through the ports 10 10*L l0b 10c into the valvechambers 11 11a 11b 11, which contain the piston-valves 12 12L 12b 12, the action'of which 90 will be taken up later. From the valve-cham- Y bers 11 11 11'3'11c the current is admitted through the passages 44 44 44b 44c into the cylinder 13 13f 131D 13, operating on the pistons 45 45a 45b 45 therein. From thence it 95 is exhausted through the upper portion of the valve-chambers 11 11 11b 11c to the circuitous passage 46, cored in the cover 3, and conducted through the passage 47, cored in the side of the upper casing 2, connecting with the valve7 through the port'48, from whence it escapes into the atmosphere at 49. It is evident that the direction of the current may be reversed by theaction of the valve 7, so as to cause the motor to work in a reverse direction. f I

The pistons 45 45a 45'b 45e-are connected by .the piston-rods 14` 141'14b/ 142-pivotally at-y tached thereto at one end and in like manner connected to the crank-pins 15 15 15 15, integral with the crank-disks 16 16 16b 16, which are rotatable with their shafts 17 17 17 17 in ball-bearings 18 18 18 18, set in the casing 2 at its joint with the lower portion 2, the said portion being bolted together by the bolts 43, as indicated in Fig. 11. On the opposite ends of the said shafts 17 17 17 b 17 are secured the bevel-gears 19 19 19b 19, all of whichare adapted to mesh'with the large bevel-gear 20, centered on the upper portion of the spindle 37, and having interposed between, the sleeve or bushing 37, while the thrust is taken on the ball-bearing 20. Also in mesh with the bevel-gear 2O are the valve-operating bevel-gears 21 21 21 21, centered on their shafts 22 22 22b 22c and set in ball-bearings 23 23 23 23, located midway between the driving-gears 19 19 19b 19C. The inner ends of the said shafts 22 22 22"-22c carry disks 24 24 24 24, having roller-studs 25 25 25 25, adapted to work in the Scotch yokes formed within the lower ends of the piston-valves 12 12 12b 12 in such manner as to convey rectilineal motion only.

Evidently the matter of timing the relative position of each piston-valve with reference to its working cylinder may be readily accomplished by causing the gears attached to each to be properly meshed with the gear 20, and it is also evident that each set of gears may also likewise be adjusted to any other set or sets.

It is noticeable that all the cylinders and valveways are bored parallel to the central opening and directly in the material of the upper main frame 2, thus making the construction of the simplest order and avoiding a multiplicity of parts. The central opening contains a plunger-rod 26, connected at its upper end to a piston-head 27, itted to the feed-cylinder 4, which forms the upper part of the apparatus.

Extending through the cover or head of the cylinder 4 is a conical pointed projection 26 of the plunger-rod 26. The said pistonhead 27 is fitted with a cup-packing 27, and air or steam is admitted at the opening 28, formed on one side of the cover 3 and upper frame 2.

In the passage-way is provided a stop-cock 29, which is operated by the handle 30, said cock being provided with the usual cross-passage, so that when the handle is turned the position of the passage will control the supply of air, limiting it as may be desired. A very little amount of opening will give a corresponding slow upward movement of the feed pistonhead 27, thereby imparting a downward movement to the mechanism in the casing, as the point of the piston-spindle 26 is presumed to be stationary. The rapidity of the movement is readily regulated by the cock 29. When the piston-head 27 shall have reached nearly to the upper end of its stroke, the openings 31 in the plunger-rod 26 will have reached the level oi the bottom ol' the cylinder 4, and the compressed current of air or steam will enter therein, passing` through the channel 32 and out at the holes 33, thus allowing the pressure to become equal on each side of the piston-head 27. Now il the current be cut olil by the cock 39 the pistonhead will be unsupported and move downward to the bottom ol the cylinder by gravity, assisted b v the expansion of the air or steam which has been admitted through the holes 31, passage 32, and holes 33 to the upper side of the pistonhead 27 Then the pistonhead 27 has reached the bottom of the cylinder 4, the air or steam which has been admitted to the upper side of the j'iiston-head 27 will escape through the holes 33, passage 32, and holes 31 into the annular chamber 50, from whence it is conducted by the jjiassages 51 51 51b 51c into the circuitons passage 46 and exhausted therefrom with the exhaust from the cylinder.

The lower end of the plunger 26 has an inserted plug 34, adapted to strike against a knock-out pin 35. The said pin 35 is maintained in its normal position by the cross-pin 36, set in the sleeve 37 and working freely in a slot formed in the knock-out pin The hub of the gear 2O extends downwardly and has centered on it a pinion 38, meshing with the spur-gear 39, which is rigidly attached to the pinion 40, both of which revolve freely on the stud 41, set in the casing 1. rl`he pinion 4() is adapted to mesh with the spur-gear 42, centered on and meshing with the tool-holding spindle 37, the thrust of which is taken on the ball-bearing 37".

The feed-cylinder 4, together with the piston-head 27, plunger-rod 26, and their attached parts, may be entirely removed from the top 'of the cover 3 and the interchangeable handle 5 used in its place, whenever it may be desired, as in performing certain work with the apparatus.

It is understood that the form ol" the casing or the location of the tool-holding spindle is immaterial to the scope olE this invention and may be varied from that shown without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a device ot' the class described, the combination with the casing and driving-spindle, of a plurality of cylinders formed integrally within the said casing parallel with the driving-spindle and equidistant thereto; pistons in the said cylinders, crank-disks, pivoted connecting-rods connecting the disks and pistons, bevel-gears centered on said disks, a larger bevel-gear centered on the said spindle meshing with each of the said gears, cy-

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lindrial valve-chambers formed in the said casing in relation to their cylinders, slidable valves working therein, crank-disks connected to the said valves, and. crank-operating bevelgears arranged each between the said piston-gears and meshing with the said larger bevel-gear, all substantially as shown and described.

2. In a device of,the class described, the combination with a sectional casing and central driving-spindle, of a plurality of equidistant, symmetrically positioned cylinders, formed in the body of the casing, parallel with the driving-shaft, pistons Within the said cylinders, crank-disks having bearings in the body of the said casing, pivoted connectingrods between the disks and pistons, bevelgears centered on the said disks', a larger bevel-gear centered on the said driving-spindle meshing with each of the said gears, valvechambers formed inthe said casing, slidable piston-valves therein, valve-operating bevelgears journaled within the said casing meshing with the said larger bevel-gear, connection between the valves and bevel-gears, an inlet-valve controlling the admission of driving fluid, an annular passage-way formed in the casing-cover communicating with each of the valve-chambers andan exhaust-opening leading therefrom, both inlet and outlet ports being controlled by the said piston-valves, all substantially as shown and described.

3. In a device of the class described, the combination with a'casing having inlet and exhaust ports, of a spindle vertically mounted therein, a driven bevel-gear mounted on said spindle, a plurality of driving bevelgears journaled above said driven gear and adapted to mesh therewith, shafts and crankdisks thereon, connected to each of the driving bevel-gears, a plurality of cylinders` 

